سیاست گذاری پیشرفت شهری

سیاست گذاری پیشرفت شهری

طراحی منظر بیوفیلیک به مثابه راهبردی برای مواجهه با بحران آب در فضاهای شهری (نمونۀ موردی: منظر پلکانی پارک چمران کرج)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانش‌آموختۀ کارشناس ارشد مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکدۀ کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
2 دانش‌آموختۀ کارشناس ارشد علوم و مهندسی آبخیز ـ آبخیزداری شهری، دانشکدۀ منابع ‌طبیعی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
چکیده
پژوهش حاضر با هدف تبیین راهبردهای طراحی منظر بیوفیلیک به‌ عنوان یک زیرساخت اکولوژیک تاب‌آور برای مواجهه با بحران آب در فضاهای شهری (نمونۀ موردی: منظر پلکانی پارک چمران کرج) انجام شده است. این تحقیق از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از حیث روش، توصیفی ـ تحلیلی است. گردآوری داده‌ها از طریق مطالعات اسنادی و برداشت‌های میدانی انجام شد و برای تحلیل داده‌ها از تکنیک یکپارچۀ تحلیل SWOT شامل ماتریس ارزیابی عوامل داخلی (IFE) و خارجی (EFE) و همچنین، ماتریس برنامه‌ریزی راهبردی کمّی (QSPM) استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد امتیاز ماتریس IFE برابر با 63/2 و امتیاز ماتریس EFE برابر با 29/2 است که بیانگر قرارگیری محدودۀ مورد مطالعه در موقعیت راهبردی «‌رقابتی (ST)‌» است. بر اساس نتایج ماتریس QSPM، راهبرد «توسعۀ منظر آب‌محورِ ثقلی با فیلتراسیون گیاهی» با امتیاز جذابیت کل 28/6 در رتبۀ نخست قرار گرفت؛ پس از آن راهبردهای «مدیریت هوشمند سیلاب با زیرساخت‌های چندعملکردی» با امتیاز 09/5، «میکروکلیماسازی بیوفیلیک کاهندۀ تبخیر» با امتیاز 98/4 و «منظر مشارکت‌محور» با امتیاز 01/4 در اولویت‌های بعدی قرار دارند. نتایج نشان می‌دهد دستیابی به منظر بیوفیلیک تاب‌آور مستلزم گذار از رویکردهای صرفاً زیبایی‌شناختی به سمت طراحی عمل‌گرا و هم‌افزایی چهار بُعد محیط ‌زیستی، کالبدی، ادراکی و مدیریتی است. این رویکرد می‌تواند منظر شهری را به سیستمی پویا مبتنی بر نیروی گرانش و چرخه‌های طبیعی تصفیه تبدیل کند و در نتیجه، مصرف منابع آبی را کاهش داده و تاب‌آوری اکولوژیک فضاهای شهری را ارتقا دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Biophilic Landscape Design as a Strategy to Cope with the Water Crisis in Urban Spaces (Case Study: Stepped Landscape of Chamran Park, Karaj)

نویسندگان English

Setayesh Zandi Babaei 1
Mohammad Mahdi Poorhasan Mehrzanjani 2
1 MSc Graduate, Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
2 MSc Graduate, Urban Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده English

This study aims to elucidate biophilic landscape design strategies as resilient ecological infrastructure to address the water crisis in urban spaces, focusing on the stepped landscape of Chamran Park in Karaj. The research is applied in purpose and descriptive–analytical in methodology. Data were collected through documentary studies and field evaluations. An integrated SWOT framework including the Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) and External Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrices, together with the Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM), was employed for data analysis and strategy formulation. The results indicate that the IFE score of 2.63 and the EFE score of 2.29 place the study area in a “Competitive (ST)” strategic position. Based on the QSPM analysis, the strategy of “developing a gravity-fed water landscape with phytoremediation” achieved the highest Total Attractiveness Score (TAS = 6.28). It was followed by “smart flood management using multi-functional infrastructures” (TAS = 5.09), “evaporation-reducing biophilic microclimate creation” (TAS = 4.98), and “enhancing the sense of belonging through participatory landscape” (TAS = 4.01). The findings suggest that achieving a resilient biophilic landscape requires a transition from purely aesthetic approaches toward pragmatic design that integrates environmental-ecological, physical-spatial, perceptual-psychological, and managerial-policy dimensions. Such an approach can transform urban landscapes into gravity-based, self-sustaining ecological systems that reduce water consumption and enhance ecological resilience.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Biophilic Design
Ecological Resilience
Stepped Landscape
Water Crisis
Water Resources Management
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  • تاریخ دریافت 08 فروردین 1405
  • تاریخ بازنگری 25 اردیبهشت 1405
  • تاریخ پذیرش 25 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار 01 مهر 1405