سیاست گذاری پیشرفت شهری

سیاست گذاری پیشرفت شهری

بررسی مدل‌های موفق سرمایه‌گذاری شهری در کشورهای توسعه‌یافته با تأکید بر رویکردهای نوآورانه: ارائۀ مدل پیشنهادی برای شهرداری تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 کارشناس ارشد اقتصاد نظری، دانشکدۀ علوم اقتصادی و سیاسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران
2 دانشجوی دکتری علوم اقتصادی گرایش اقتصاد شهری و منطقه‌ای، دانشکدۀ اقتصاد، مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه یزد، ایران
10.22034/judpm.2025.537238.1056
چکیده
با افزایش شهرنشینی و فشار روزافزون بر منابع مالی شهرها به‌ویژه در کشورهای درحال‌توسعه؛ توسعۀ مدل‌های نوآورانۀ سرمایه‌گذاری شهری از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. این پژوهش با رویکردی تطبیقی به تحلیل تجربیات موفق سرمایه‌گذاری شهری در کشورهایی با اقتصادهای شهری پیشرفته نظیر آلمان، هلند، کرۀ جنوبی، بریتانیا، سنگاپور و ژاپن می‌پردازد. هدف از این مطالعه، ارائۀ نوعی چارچوب سیاستی بومی‌شده برای شهرداری تهران بر پایۀ این مطالعات موردی است. در شرایطی که شهرنشینی با سرعت زیادی در حال گسترش است (جمعیت شهری از 35 درصد در سال ۱۹۵۰ به بیش از 55 درصد در سال ۲۰۱۵ رسیده و پیش‌بینی می‌شود تا سال ۲۰۵۰ به 66 درصد افزایش یابد)، بسیاری از شهرها با محدودیت‌های شدید مالی مواجه هستند. هرچند درآمدهای شهرداری تهران از 84،617 میلیارد ریال در سال ۱۳۹۰ به 2،056،589 میلیارد ریال تا پایان سال ۱۴۰3 افزایش یافته، اما سهم تأمین مالی از طریق سرمایه‌گذاری طی این دوره همواره ناچیز بوده و به ‌طور متوسط تنها 2/1 درصد را شامل شده است؛ به‌ طوری ‌که بیشترین سهم نیز در سال ۱۳۹۱ تنها 3 درصد بوده است. این موضوع ضرورت تدوین راهبردهای مؤثرتر سرمایه‌گذاری را نشان می‌دهد. مطالعۀ حاضر چهار مؤلفۀ کلیدی در موفقیت سرمایه‌گذاری شهری را شناسایی کرده است: ۱) چارچوب‌های نهادی و قانونی؛ ۲) ابزارهای نوآورانۀ مالی؛ ۳) همکاری و مشارکت ذی‌نفعان و ۴) حکمرانی مبتنی بر داده. بر اساس این ارکان، مدل «شهر هوشمند سرمایه‌پذیر» برای تهران پیشنهاد می‌شود. هدف این مدل، افزایش سهم سرمایه‌گذاری در تأمین مالی، ارتقای خوداتکایی مالی، و ترویج توسعه‌ای مشارکتی و شفاف است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Studying Successful Urban Investment Models In Developed Countries With An Emphasis On Innovative Approaches: Developing A Proposed Model For Tehran Municipality

نویسندگان English

Masoud Reza Rabiei Beheshti 1
Mohammad Reza Latifi Sabet 2
1 Master of Science in Theoretical Economics, Faculty of Economic and Political Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 , PhD Student in Economic Sciences, Urban and Regional Economics, Faculty of Economics, Management and Accounting, Yazd University, Iran
چکیده English

With increasing urbanization and mounting pressure on the financial resources of cities—especially in developing countries—it is vital to develop innovative urban investment models. This study adopts a comparative approach to analyze successful urban investment practices in countries with advanced urban economies, such as Germany, the Netherlands, South Korea, the United Kingdom, Singapore, and Japan. Drawing on these case studies, the research aims to present a localized policy framework for the Municipality of Tehran.
Amid rapid urbanization (urban population rising from 35% in 1950 to over 55% in 2015 and projected to reach 66% by 2050), many cities face severe fiscal constraints. Although Tehran’s municipal revenues grew from 84,617 billion rials in 2011 to 2,056,589 billion rials in 2025, the share of financing through investment has remained marginal—averaging just 1.2% over fourteen years, with a peak of only 3% in 2012. This underscores the need for more effective investment strategies. The study identifies four key components of successful urban investment: (1) institutional and legal frameworks, (2) innovative financial instruments, (3) stakeholder collaboration, and (4) data-driven governance. Based on these pillars, it proposes the "Smart Investable City Model" for Tehran. This model aims to increase investment-based financing, enhance financial self-reliance, and promote participatory, transparent development.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Circular Urban Economy (CUE)
Innovative Financial Instruments
Land Value Capture (LVC)
Public-private partnership (PPP)
Sustainable Urban Investment
Urban Policymaking
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دوره 3، شماره 1
بهار 1405
صفحه 33-50

  • تاریخ دریافت 01 مرداد 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 11 شهریور 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 26 آبان 1404
  • تاریخ انتشار 11 فروردین 1405