Tehran, as one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the region, faces significant challenges related to air pollution and traffic congestion, primarily driven by the heavy reliance of its transportation fleet on fossil fuels. The electrification of transportation has emerged as a critical strategy to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, enhance air quality, and achieve sustainable development in the city. This study aims to provide a comprehensive vision for the green transformation of Tehran’s transportation system. It begins by exploring the global context of this transition, drawing on international data and the successful experiences of leading countries such as China, Norway, and Denmark, while also examining the challenges encountered by other nations. Subsequently, the current state of Tehran is analyzed, highlighting key achievements such as the introduction of electric buses, the replacement of aging taxis with electric models, the installation of charging stations across the city, and the development of a comprehensive electrification plan. The study also addresses existing barriers, including the lack of adequate charging infrastructure, dependence on a fossil fuel-based electricity grid, and financial constraints. To overcome these challenges, practical recommendations are proposed for Tehran’s future development, including the enhancement of charging infrastructure with a focus on renewable energy sources, the provision of sustainable financial support, the promotion of public awareness, and the implementation of cohesive policy frameworks to expand the electric public transportation fleet. The findings suggest that by leveraging global best practices and adopting these recommendations in a coordinated manner, Tehran has the potential to become a regional model for sustainable transportation, taking significant strides toward reducing air pollution and realizing the vision of a green capital.