سیاست گذاری پیشرفت شهری

سیاست گذاری پیشرفت شهری

امکان‌سنجی تأمین آب فضای سبز عمومی شهر تهران از طریق بازچرخانی و مدیریت پساب و رواناب‌ها

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانش‌آموختۀ دکتری مهندسی محیط زیست ـ آلودگی هوا، دانشکدۀ محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2 دانش‌آموختۀ کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت محیط زیست ـ دانشکدۀ محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
3 دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی محیط زیست ـ مواد زائد جامد، دانشکدۀ محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
10.22034/judpm.2025.554520.1070
چکیده
با توجه به رشد جمعیت و افزایش تقاضا برای آب که از عواملی مانند تغییرات اقلیمی و الگوهای مصرف در حال تحول نشئت می‌گیرد، تلاش‌ها به سمت استفاده از منابع آب نامتعارف معطوف شده است. در این زمینه، شهرداری تهران نیز طرحی به منظور تأمین آب مورد نیاز برای آبیاری فضای سبز از محل رواناب‌های سطحی و فاضلاب شهری تصفیه‌شده اجرا کرده است. در مطالعۀ حاضر، ابتدا نیاز آبی فضای سبز شهر تهران محاسبه شد. سپس، ظرفیت استفاده از پساب تصفیه‌خانه‌های فاضلاب و رواناب‌ها به عنوان جایگزین منابع آب زیرزمینی در آبیاری فضای سبز با در نظر گرفتن نرخ جریان و مشخصات پساب بررسی شد. بر اساس یافته‌های پژوهش، شهرداری تهران می‌تواند در اقدامی پیشگیرانه با طراحی و اجرای یک پروژۀ جامع برای تصفیه و استفادۀ مجدد از رواناب‌های شهری و فاضلاب شهری تصفیه‌شده، مصرف آب خام را طی یک دورۀ ده‌ساله (عمدتاً برای تأمین آب مورد نیاز فضاهای سبز شهری) از 73 درصد به 32 درصد کاهش داده و سهم استفاده از رواناب و فاضلاب تصفیه‌شده را از حدود 6/15 درصد به 64 درصد افزایش دهد. علاوه بر این، به منظور کاهش هر چه بیشتر مصرف آب، می‏توان از روش‏های تغذیۀ آبخوان به وسیلۀ رواناب‏ها برای استفادۀ بهینه‏تر از آن، و اصلاح الگوی توسعۀ فضای سبز شهری به منظور کاهش نیاز آبی نیز به عنوان راهکارهای دیگر برای صرفه‏جویی در مصرف آب استفاده کرد. در نهایت، ابتکار حاضر این ظرفیت را دارد که نقش محوری در تجدید منابع آب زیرزمینی ایفا کند و به این‌ترتیب آینده‌ای پایدارتر برای تأمین آب شهر تهران فراهم آورد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Feasibility Study of Reusing Urban Runoff and Treated Municipal Wastewater for Irrigation of Urban Spaces in Tehran

نویسندگان English

Zohreh Hesami 1
Seyed Alireza Taheri Riabi 2
Javad Yahaghi 3
1 Ph.D. Graduate, School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran
2 M.Sc Graduate, School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran
3 Ph.D. Candidate, School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Given the population growth and the increasing demand for water, driven by factors such as climate change and evolving consumption patterns, efforts have shifted towards the utilization of unconventional water resources. In this context, the Municipality of Tehran has initiated a project aimed at supplying the water required for irrigating green spaces from surface runoff and treated municipal wastewater. In the present study, the water demand for both urban and peri-urban green spaces in Tehran was first calculated. Subsequently, the potential for utilizing effluent from municipal wastewater treatment plants and runoff flowing through urban channels as an alternative to groundwater resources for irrigating green spaces was examined, taking into account both quantitative (flow rate) and qualitative (effluent analysis) characteristics. Based on the research findings, the Municipality of Tehran can proactively reduce raw water consumption for urban green space irrigation from 73% to 32% over a ten-year period by designing and implementing a comprehensive project for the treatment and reuse of urban runoff and treated municipal wastewater, while increasing the share of runoff and treated wastewater usage from approximately 15.6% to 64%. Furthermore, to further reduce water consumption, methods for aquifer recharge using runoff can be employed for more efficient utilization, along with modifying urban green space development patterns to decrease water demand as additional strategies for water conservation. Ultimately, this initiative has the potential to play a pivotal role in replenishing groundwater resources, thereby providing a more sustainable future for water supply in the city of Tehran.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Unconventional water resource, Urban runoff, Wastewater reuse, Urban green space of Tehran
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دوره 3، شماره 1
بهار 1405
صفحه 19-32

  • تاریخ دریافت 06 مرداد 1404
  • تاریخ بازنگری 13 شهریور 1404
  • تاریخ پذیرش 13 آبان 1404
  • تاریخ انتشار 11 دی 1405