Air pollution and traffic in Tehran have become a major challenge in recent years. By examining the data published by the Tehran Municipality, part of this challenge can be seen in the reduction in the number of Tehran city buses and the slow pace of their electrification. In this study, referring to the lack of financial resources in the contractionary state of the Iranian economy, financing methods through the capital market have been introduced. To find the best financing option for the electrification of Tehran buses, these options have been evaluated using the TOPSIS tool. Decision matrix data has been collected through a questionnaire from 21 experts in the field of financing. Finally, considering the four criteria of financing cost, size and capacity to absorb resources, time horizon and ease of process, lease-to-own bonds were ranked first. Also, in order to create sustainability in the process of fleet modernization and development, it has been suggested that the Ministry of Oil use the capacity to issue savings certificates for the municipality to complete lease-to-own bonds.
Nadimi N, Loo BP, Mansourifar F, Zayandehroodi MA, Kazemi M. Earthquake-related evacuation transportation: Insights from Kerman, Iran. Cities. 2025;158:105713.
Baghani AN, Dana E, Sorooshian A, Jafari AJ, Aalamolhoda AA, Sheikhi R, et al. Sensitivity of BTEX pollution and health effects to traffic restrictions: A case study in an urban center of Tehran, Iran. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2024;104:105281.
Iclodean C, Cordos N, Varga BO. Autonomous shuttle bus for public transportation: A review. Energies. 2020;13(11):2917.
Useche SA, Gómez V, Cendales B, Alonso F. Working conditions, job strain, and traffic safety among three groups of public transport drivers. Safety and health at work. 2018;9(4):454-61.
Quarles N, Kockelman K. Costs and benefits of electrifying and automating US bus fleets. 2018.
Basner M, Babisch W, Davis A, Brink M, Clark C, Janssen S, Stansfeld S. Auditory and non-auditory effects of noise on health. The lancet. 2014;383(9925):1325-32.
Lajunen A, Lipman T. Lifecycle cost assessment and carbon dioxide emissions of diesel, natural gas, hybrid electric, fuel cell hybrid and electric transit buses. Energy. 2016;106:329-42.
Mulley C, Hensher DA, Cosgrove D. Is rail cleaner and greener than bus? Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. 2017;51:14-28.
Zhou Y, Wang H, Wang Y, Yu B, Tang T. Charging facility planning and scheduling problems for battery electric bus systems: A comprehensive review. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review. 2024;183:103463.
Wang Y, Zhou Y, Yan X. Reliable dynamic wireless charging infrastructure deployment problem for public transport services. European Journal of Operational Research. 2024;313(2):747-66.
Primc K, Zabavnik D, Dominko M, Slabe-Erker R. Green financing for cutting emissions and simultaneous economic upturn in the European Union: Myth or reality? Sustainable Futures. 2024:100355.
Saunders A, Cornett MM, Erhemjamts O. Financial markets and institutions. 2012.
Hosseini,S. M. and Moosavian,S. F. (2025). Ranking of financing methods for electrification of urban bus fleets in the Iranian capital market. Urban Development Policy Making, 2(2), 247-262. doi: 10.22034/judpm.2025.510867.1015
MLA
Hosseini,S. M. , and Moosavian,S. F. . "Ranking of financing methods for electrification of urban bus fleets in the Iranian capital market", Urban Development Policy Making, 2, 2, 2025, 247-262. doi: 10.22034/judpm.2025.510867.1015
HARVARD
Hosseini S. M., Moosavian S. F. (2025). 'Ranking of financing methods for electrification of urban bus fleets in the Iranian capital market', Urban Development Policy Making, 2(2), pp. 247-262. doi: 10.22034/judpm.2025.510867.1015
CHICAGO
S. M. Hosseini and S. F. Moosavian, "Ranking of financing methods for electrification of urban bus fleets in the Iranian capital market," Urban Development Policy Making, 2 2 (2025): 247-262, doi: 10.22034/judpm.2025.510867.1015
VANCOUVER
Hosseini S. M., Moosavian S. F. Ranking of financing methods for electrification of urban bus fleets in the Iranian capital market. JUDPM, 2025; 2(2): 247-262. doi: 10.22034/judpm.2025.510867.1015
